Reaping The Benefits Of Genomic And Proteomic Research

Download or read book Reaping the Benefits of Genomic and Proteomic Research written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-04-09 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The patenting and licensing of human genetic material and proteins represents an extension of intellectual property (IP) rights to naturally occurring biological material and scientific information, much of it well upstream of drugs and other disease therapies. This report concludes that IP restrictions rarely impose significant burdens on biomedical research, but there are reasons to be apprehensive about their future impact on scientific advances in this area. The report recommends 13 actions that policy-makers, courts, universities, and health and patent officials should take to prevent the increasingly complex web of IP protections from getting in the way of potential breakthroughs in genomic and proteomic research. It endorses the National Institutes of Health guidelines for technology licensing, data sharing, and research material exchanges and says that oversight of compliance should be strengthened. It recommends enactment of a statutory exception from infringement liability for research on a patented invention and raising the bar somewhat to qualify for a patent on upstream research discoveries in biotechnology. With respect to genetic diagnostic tests to detect patient mutations associated with certain diseases, the report urges patent holders to allow others to perform the tests for purposes of verifying the results.

Download or read book Evolution of Translational Omics written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-09-13 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technologies collectively called omics enable simultaneous measurement of an enormous number of biomolecules; for example, genomics investigates thousands of DNA sequences, and proteomics examines large numbers of proteins. Scientists are using these technologies to develop innovative tests to detect disease and to predict a patient's likelihood of responding to specific drugs. Following a recent case involving premature use of omics-based tests in cancer clinical trials at Duke University, the NCI requested that the IOM establish a committee to recommend ways to strengthen omics-based test development and evaluation. This report identifies best practices to enhance development, evaluation, and translation of omics-based tests while simultaneously reinforcing steps to ensure that these tests are appropriately assessed for scientific validity before they are used to guide patient treatment in clinical trials.

Download or read book Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering Reviews written by Stephen Harding and published by Nottingham University Press. This book was released on 2010-05-01 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Containing more than a dozen original, major review articles from authors published in leading journals and covering important developments in industrial, agricultural, and medical applications of biotechnology, this newest edition from the well-established hardcover review series focuses primarily on the genetic manipulation of organisms. Covering issues ranging from gene expression and genetic regulations to plant bioreactors and enzymatic processing, this reference will benefit students in the fields of biochemistry, genetics, molecular biology, and pharmaceutical sciences.

Download or read book Stifling Or Stimulating written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Courts, the Internet, and Intellectual Property and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Genomic medicine written by Great Britain: Parliament: House of Lords: Science and Technology Committee and published by The Stationery Office. This book was released on 2009-07-07 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 1 Report also available (ISBN 9780108444517). Genomic medicine has developed from the sequencing of the human genome

Download or read book Governing Digitally Integrated Genetic Resources, Data, and Literature written by Jerome H. Reichman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-05-19 with total page 679 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The free exchange of microbial genetic information is an established public good, facilitating research on medicines, agriculture, and climate change. However, over the past quarter-century, access to genetic resources has been hindered by intellectual property claims from developed countries under the World Trade Organization's TRIPS Agreement (1994) and by claims of sovereign rights from developing countries under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) (1992). In this volume, the authors examine the scientific community's responses to these obstacles and advise policymakers on how to harness provisions of the Nagoya Protocol (2010) that allow multilateral measures to support research. By pooling microbial materials, data, and literature in a carefully designed transnational e-infrastructure, the scientific community can facilitate access to essential research assets while simultaneously reinforcing the open access movement. The original empirical surveys of responses to the CBD included here provide a valuable addition to the literature on governing scientific knowledge commons.

Download or read book Managing University Intellectual Property in the Public Interest written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-03-28 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thirty years ago federal policy underwent a major change through the Bayh-Dole Act of 1980, which fostered greater uniformity in the way research agencies treat inventions arising from the work they sponsor. Before the Act, if government agencies funded university research, the funding agency retained ownership of the knowledge and technologies that resulted. However, very little federally funded research was actually commercialized. As a result of the Act's passage, patenting and licensing activity from such research has accelerated. Although the system created by the Act has remained stable, it has generated debate about whether it might impede other forms of knowledge transfer. Concerns have also arisen that universities might prioritize commercialization at the expense of their traditional mission to pursue fundamental knowledge-for example, by steering research away from curiosity-driven topics toward applications that could yield financial returns. To address these concerns, the National Research Council convened a committee of experts from universities, industry, foundations, and similar organizations, as well as scholars of the subject, to review experience and evidence of the technology transfer system's effects and to recommend improvements. The present volume summarizes the committee's principal findings and recommendations.