Commerce

Download or read book Clashing Over Commerce written by Douglas A. Irwin and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2017-11-29 with total page 873 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Foreign Affairs Best Book of the Year: “Tells the history of American trade policy . . . [A] grand narrative [that] also debunks trade-policy myths.” —Economist Should the United States be open to commerce with other countries, or should it protect domestic industries from foreign competition? This question has been the source of bitter political conflict throughout American history. Such conflict was inevitable, James Madison argued in the Federalist Papers, because trade policy involves clashing economic interests. The struggle between the winners and losers from trade has always been fierce because dollars and jobs are at stake: depending on what policy is chosen, some industries, farmers, and workers will prosper, while others will suffer. Douglas A. Irwin’s Clashing over Commerce is the most authoritative and comprehensive history of US trade policy to date, offering a clear picture of the various economic and political forces that have shaped it. From the start, trade policy divided the nation—first when Thomas Jefferson declared an embargo on all foreign trade and then when South Carolina threatened to secede from the Union over excessive taxes on imports. The Civil War saw a shift toward protectionism, which then came under constant political attack. Then, controversy over the Smoot-Hawley tariff during the Great Depression led to a policy shift toward freer trade, involving trade agreements that eventually produced the World Trade Organization. Irwin makes sense of this turbulent history by showing how different economic interests tend to be grouped geographically, meaning that every proposed policy change found ready champions and opponents in Congress. Deeply researched and rich with insight and detail, Clashing over Commerce provides valuable and enduring insights into US trade policy past and present. “Combines scholarly analysis with a historian’s eye for trends and colorful details . . . readable and illuminating, for the trade expert and for all Americans wanting a deeper understanding of America’s evolving role in the global economy.” —National Review “Magisterial.” —Foreign Affairs

Download or read book Moral Commerce written by Julie L. Holcomb and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2016-08-23 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How can the simple choice of a men’s suit be a moral statement and a political act? When the suit is made of free-labor wool rather than slave-grown cotton. In Moral Commerce, Julie L. Holcomb traces the genealogy of the boycott of slave labor from its seventeenth-century Quaker origins through its late nineteenth-century decline. In their failures and in their successes, in their resilience and their persistence, antislavery consumers help us understand the possibilities and the limitations of moral commerce. Quaker antislavery rhetoric began with protests against the slave trade before expanding to include boycotts of the use and products of slave labor. For more than one hundred years, British and American abolitionists highlighted consumers’ complicity in sustaining slavery. The boycott of slave labor was the first consumer movement to transcend the boundaries of nation, gender, and race in an effort by reformers to change the conditions of production. The movement attracted a broad cross-section of abolitionists: conservative and radical, Quaker and non-Quaker, male and female, white and black. The men and women who boycotted slave labor created diverse, biracial networks that worked to reorganize the transatlantic economy on an ethical basis. Even when they acted locally, supporters embraced a global vision, mobilizing the boycott as a powerful force that could transform the marketplace. For supporters of the boycott, the abolition of slavery was a step toward a broader goal of a just and humane economy. The boycott failed to overcome the power structures that kept slave labor in place; nonetheless, the movement’s historic successes and failures have important implications for modern consumers.

Download or read book The E-Commerce Book written by Alexander Graf and published by . This book was released on 2016-08-15 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is designed for people who want to understand e-commerce - and by "understanding", we mean first and foremost Why and What, not How. Why is Amazon dominating the market? What happened between 1995 and 2015? Why were the incumbents like Walmart not able to fight back? What will become of the herd of new unicorn e-commerce companies? And what will happen to the traditional value chain on which retail companies operate? This is not a book about How, though, so don't read this hoping to learn "how to master online marketing". From our point of view, the Why and What is much more challenging and important, whether you are running a company in this market or are a student wanting to break into it. In this book, we'll share what we've learned.Look forward to more than 450 pages of valuable material about changes in the value chain, a lively review of how e-commerce has developed over the last 20 years, 50 case studies of digital business models large and small, three extensive interviews with leading e-commerce entrepreneurs, and strategic mind-games galore for a range of industries. The Story so far: Join us in revisiting the last 20 years of e-commerce. Look into the ups but also the downs of various business archetypes. Also, find a detailed analysis of recent market developments and major players in China. Basic Concepts: Learn about the interaction of all building blocks along the e-commerce value chain. You will understand how to make your customer happy in terms of demand based procurement, distribution, customer service, and much more... Case Studies: Get insights into 50 renowned online players around the globe. Each profile covers a detailed business model assessment and market positioning. The authors give a brief outlook on challenges and opportunities for each of the companies portrayed. Strategic Aspects: Find answers to major strategic questions: How to prosper in a "GAFA" dominated economy? Should I resist the temptation to sell via Amazon? Are banking and insurance the next industries to be radically transformed? ...and what is taking so long in the home furnishings sector? Interviews: Tap into the knowledge of successful serial entrepreneurs and get inspired by the latest insights of Stephan Schambach, René Köhler, and Florian Heinemann. Benchmarking: Learn how to benchmark your own e-commerce activities and take a closer look on aspects such as platform, business intelligence, online marketing, and CRM. Sold over 3.000 times in Germany. Voted the best book about E-Commerce!

Download or read book Commerce in Culture written by Cynthia Joanne Brokaw and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sibao today is a cluster of impoverished villages in western Fujian. But from the late 17th-early 20th centuries, it was home to a flourishing publishing industry supplying south China through itinerant booksellers. Brokaw describes this rural, low-level operation, tracing how Sibao's socio-geographical character shaped its progress.

Download or read book M-Commerce written by Norman Sadeh and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2003-01-03 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first complete introduction to the technology and business issues surrounding m-commerce With the number of mobile phone users fast approaching the one billion mark, it is clear that mobile e-commerce (a.k.a. "m-commerce") is the next business frontier. Authored by a recognized international authority in the field, this book describes the brave new world of m-commerce for technical and business managers alike. Readers learn about the driving forces behind m-commerce, the impact of WAP, 3G, mobile payment, and emerging location-sensitive and context-aware technologies. A comprehensive look at emerging m-commerce services and business models, as well as the changing role of mobile network operators, content providers, and other key players. The author concludes with informed predictions about the future of m-commerce.

Download or read book Stateless Commerce written by Barak Richman and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2017-06-19 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Stateless Commerce, Barak Richman uses the colorful case study of the diamond industry to explore how ethnic trading networks operate and why they persist in the twenty-first century. How, for example, does the 47th Street diamond district in midtown Manhattan—surrounded by skyscrapers and sophisticated financial institutions—continue to thrive as an ethnic marketplace that operates like a traditional bazaar? Conventional models of economic and technological progress suggest that such primitive commercial networks would be displaced by new trading paradigms, yet in the heart of New York City the old world persists. Richman’s explanation is deceptively simple. Far from being an anachronism, 47th Street’s ethnic enclave is an adaptive response to the unique pressures of the diamond industry. Ethnic trading networks survive because they better fulfill many functions usually performed by state institutions. While the modern world rests heavily on lawyers, courts, and state coercion, ethnic merchants regularly sell goods and services by relying solely on familiarity, trust, and community enforcement—what economists call “relational exchange.” These commercial networks insulate themselves from the outside world because the outside world cannot provide those assurances. Extending the framework of transactional cost and organizational economics, Stateless Commerce draws on rare insider interviews to explain why personal exchange succeeds, even as most global trade succumbs to the forces of modernization, and what it reveals about the limitations of the modern state in governing the economy.

Download or read book Dark Commerce written by Louise I. Shelley and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-11-10 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Though mankind has traded tangible goods for millennia, recent technology has changed the fundamentals of trade, in both legitimate and illegal economies. In the past three decades, the most advanced forms of illicit trade have broken with all historical precedents and, as Dark Commerce shows, now operate as if on steroids, tied to computers and social media. In this new world of illicit commerce, which benefits states and diverse participants, trade is impersonal and anonymized, and vast profits are made in short periods with limited accountability to sellers, intermediaries, and purchasers. Louise Shelley examines how new technology, communications, and globalization fuel the exponential growth of dangerous forms of illegal trade--the markets for narcotics and child pornography online, the escalation of sex trafficking through web advertisements, and the sale of endangered species for which revenues total in the hundreds of millions of dollars. The illicit economy exacerbates many of the world's destabilizing phenomena: the perpetuation of conflicts, the proliferation of arms and weapons of mass destruction, and environmental degradation and extinction. Shelley explores illicit trade in tangible goods--drugs, human beings, arms, wildlife and timber, fish, antiquities, and ubiquitous counterfeits--and contrasts this with the damaging trade in cyberspace, where intangible commodities cost consumers and organizations billions as they lose identities, bank accounts, access to computer data, and intellectual property.